In this book, we pay particular attention to a son of Africa who opened up to reflection, research and "armed himself with science to the teeth", to restore to Africa—without complacency or false modesty—its true image: Engelbert Mveng. Our approach, which focuses solely on his theory of anthropological pauperization, can be in our humble opinion—and probably is—a path for philosophical reflection on the ntu. Anthropological pauperization is a reflection of the African man, of the ntu, on his being-there and on his becoming.