Combining best practices, empirical studies and the authors' own research on technology transfer offices (TTOs), technology transfer, ecosystems and scientists in the principal investigator role, this book presents a business model framework for TTOs. From a practitioner's perspective the business model framework captures key elements of TTOs' strategic and operational activities that are needed for effective management and leadership. Moreover, the frameworkaddresses central issues including strategy, organisational structure, staff and resources, activities, mechanisms, policy and procedures, and evaluation and outcomes, while also consideringcontextual factors that directly and indirectly affectTTOs, namely thecommercialisation culture and ethos,as well as researchers' commitment, awareness and motivation. For each element of the framework, the book outlines the key success factors and facilitating factors that enable effectivetechnology transfer.