WHO and FAO studies indicate large-scale traditional uses of plant materials as medicine(s) against a variety of human ailments. Using improved screen techniques, genomic investigations are now in progress to target biomolecules of plant origin for treatment of a range of lethal and morbid human diseases and conditions. Results of promise are emerging from such research programmes, and there is a need to document and disseminate such information. Based on this rationale, the present volume has been compiled and aims at providing recent data on potential medicinal properties, action and uses of plants to contribute material in the development of new active components from plants. The volume contributes 25 research communications from eminent scientists in India and aborad. Some interesting studies included are: Toxicological evaluation of plants; Brassinosteroids from Distribution to Metabolism in Plants; Haemorrhoids A Herbal Solution; Antidiabetic activity of Indian Medicinal Plants; Plants with Antiulcer activity; Antimicrobial activity of some plants in South- West Nigeria; Herbal Therapeutics in Oral Health; Plants with Hypolipidemic activities; Anticoagulant activity of Azadirachta indica; New treatment approach towards Alzheimer's Disease; Anti HIV plants; Osteoporosis- A Review; Hepatoprotective and Antioxidant actions of Mimusops hexandra; Antidiarrhoeal activity of Ionidium suffruticosam; Antiparasitic properties of Medicinal and Aromatic plants; Saponins and their role in control of Helminth parasites; Plant Extracts in the Regulation of Hypothyroidism; CNS Activity of Eupatorium adenophorum; Herbal remedies for Joints pain; Pteridophytes- A boon for Mankind and others. The volume will be of interest to a wide range of audience including phytochemists, pharmacologists, microbiologists, pharmaceutical chemistry, ethnobotanists and other medical and research scientists engaged in the search of new drugs.