This book presents a survey of modern theoretical techniques in studies of radiative transfer and light scattering phenomena  in turbid media. It offers a comprehensive analysis of polarized radiative transfer, and also discusses advances in planetary spectroscopy as far as aerosol layer height determination  is of interest. Further, it describes approximate methods of the radiative transfer equation solution for a special case of strongly scattering media.  A separate chapter focuses on optical properties of Black Carbon aggregates.