This text introduces the biological and ecological basis of the production process in water. It bridges the gap between research data and aquaculture techniques, and covers problems arising in aquaculture production, for example, filtering molluscs. Modern aspects of oceanography, such as the microbial loop in basic marine production, are introduced.; The book starts with an introduction to the production of living material and matter in the marine environment, and then explores: the biological basis of mollusc culture; reproduction of bivalve molluscs; the biological basis of the culture of crustaceans; and fish.