In the vast expanse of the night sky, ancient civilizations found inspiration, guidance, and wonder. Long before the advent of modern telescopes and scientific instruments, ancient astronomers gazed at the heavens with awe and curiosity, seeking to understand the mysteries of the cosmos and their place within it. In this exploration, we delve into the foundational principles of ancient astronomy, examining the early observations and interpretations of the night sky by ancient cultures, and uncovering the enduring legacy of their astronomical knowledge.