Theological studies on bioethical and medical issues are most often concentrated on individual health issues. The COVID-19 pandemic demonstrated the extent of interconnectedness between peoples and nations, and its impact on the physical and mental health of individuals, groups, and nations. Despite numerous studies on the ethical, social, and medical challenges of this pandemic, there is still a considerable gap regarding the need to consider the role of the Catholic Church in the context of public and global health. The contributions of this book provide resourceful materials for the reflection coming from medical, global health, moral theological, bioethical, mission-theological perspectives, and from the perspective of pastoral care of health.