Bacterial vaginosis (BV) is a common vaginal infection that occurs when there is an imbalance of the natural bacteria in the vagina. BV can cause symptoms such as itching, burning, and abnormal discharge, and it is associated with an increased risk of sexually transmitted infections and other complications. BV is most commonly diagnosed in women of reproductive age and is more common in women who are sexually active. The exact cause of BV is not fully understood, but it is thought to be linked to a variety of factors, including hormonal changes, sexual activity, and certain lifestyle factors.

Treatment for BV typically involves antibiotics, but alternative treatments, such as probiotics and dietary changes, may also be effective. It is important for women to maintain good genital hygiene and to seek medical treatment if symptoms persist or recur. Additionally, sexual partners should be tested and treated if necessary to prevent the infection from spreading back and forth between partners.