This book argues that the choice of treatment methods for acute pneumonia depends on the concept of the disease. It shows that modern ideas about the nature of lung tissue inflammation do not pay due attention to some fundamental axioms of medical science, which is the reason for the long-term tendency to decrease the results of treatment of this category of patients. This book serves to correct the existing doctrine of pneumonia, which allowed to substantiate the pathogenetic principles of treatment. It shows that it is possible to better understand the causes of failures and significantly improve the effectiveness of treatment of patients with acute pneumonia.