This book is devoted to the crucial issue of health inequities between and within countries. Beside descriptive statistics and health equity analysis, it analyses a multitude of figures to illustrate the huge inequalities in terms of various indicators such as maternal mortality rate, infant mortality ratio, life expectancy, nutritional indicators, rate of adolescent childbearing, and non-communicable diseases, among others. This book will be of interest to students, academic staff, researchers, health decision makers and members of civil society who are concerned about problems of socioeconomic inequalities in general and health inequity in particular.