The late 1910s were characterized by Gandhiji's advent to the Indian political scenario. His contributions towards vindicating the rights of fellow Indians in South Africa had given a larger-than-life aura to him even before he set foot in the subcontinent. His experiences in South Africa had instilled certain notions in him about what was required to achieve swaraj. However, the efficacy of at least a few of his decisions would be strongly challenged by the underlying religiopolitical climate of the Indian subcontinent.

Malabar in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries was a land rife with conflicts and frequent revolts. The reversal of fortunes brought about by the retreat of Tipu Sultan and the hostile policies of the British against the Moplahs had driven a wedge between the Hindu population and the Moplahs, with the latter getting more hostile by the day. It is in this setting that the Khilafat movement was introduced in Malabar at the initiative of the Indian National Congress. The Moplahs who had been politically distant till then now had a religious aspiration to organize themselves. What ensued was the bloodbath that we know as the Malabar Rebellion.