The late Professor Mukhtar Abduyev's pioneering work was the result of ten years of study, field research, and laboratory experimentation on salinized diluvial soils in the foothill plains and steppe of Azerbaijan. Farmers had almost no experience of managing this type of soil and no work had been done on methods of amelioration. Thus, at a time of increased demand for agricultural land, this work was a most timely contribution to bringing Azerbaijan's foothill plains, a major soil reserve, into play. Important as the work was for Professor Abduyev's native land, however, it had even wider implications. Because there are other forms of salinization in Azerbaijan, the work herein facilitated comparative analysis of their distinctive characteristics - common to the arid regions of many other countries. In Diluvial Soils and Their Amelioration, as in his other works, Abduyev moves from rigorous scientific analysis of the problem and its origins to the development of techniques to return salinized land to productive efficiency - a true demonstration of science in practical action.