Nationalism and internationalism have always been powerful forces in the labour movements of the world. From the First to the Fourth International, from the International Labour Organization to the many international federations of trade unions, historians have studied both of these great forces for more than a hundred years. Interest in working-class nationalism and internationalism has also increased since the growth of global labour history, on the one hand, and the study of nationalism as a historically constructed phenomenon on the other. This volume is a part of this great upsurge in interest in working-class nationalism and internationalism. It brings together the work of postgraduate and postdoctoral scholars who have approached these two themes in their research. Covering subjects as diverse as the political instruction of Soviet sailors, the early and forgotten years of Chinese socialism, and debates within the socialist movement about Labour Zionism, this book represents an important contribution to labour, social and global history – and helps us to understand the roads down which labour movements around the world have travelled to get where they are today.