The Cherokee are among the native tribes of the United States' Southeastern Woodlands. They resided in communities along river valleys in what's now southwestern North Carolina, southeastern Tennessee, the limits of western South Carolina, northern Georgia, and northeastern Alabama just before the 18th century.

Cherokee belongs to the Iroquoian language family. One oral legend tells of the people moving south in age-old times from the Great Lakes area, where other Iroquoian-speaking tribes were based, according to James Mooney, an early American ethnographer.