The fundamental issues that structure social and political philosophy revolve around the tensions between cooperative (ethical) values and competitive (self-interested) values. This book presents an in-depth examination of how society reacts to these as they move forward in the ancient Greek world. This model uses a methodology that is universal and can be applied to cultures at various historical epochs. The book advocates a "bottom-up" approach that employs a Wittgenstein-style methodology that is exactly detailed as it examines social usage as a sign of what is valued. These tensions are a part of every society that ever existed, and so these discussions are not only relevant from a historical perspective, but also speak to us today.