The new world of work is characterised by increased globalisation, digitalisation and virtualisation, as well as the continuous emergence of Fourth Industrial Revolution (4IR or Industry 4.0) technologies. These aspects have irrevocably transformed the world of work, placing increased emphasis on HR professionals to be effective change agents. The role of HR professionals is likely to become more pronounced in the future. Given the numerous challenges South Africa faces within the context of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, the aim of this book is to provide a South Africa perspective on human resource management (HRM) within the new world of work.