The work of the Council of Europe in the field of cultural heritage has increasingly emphasised an integrated approach that combines the promotion and protection of cultural diversity, democratic governance and democratic innovation. This publication on the Technical Co-operation and Consultancy Programme (TCCP) not only presents an overview of the Council of Europe's work in the field of cultural heritage over the last 40 years, but also lays out the evolutionary progression of the Organisation's work in this field, offering a comprehensive analysis of its activities and demonstrating the role of heritage in revitalisation and sustainable development. The analysis presents three main perspectives – monuments and sites, historic towns and territories – through the processes and results of major heritage projects conducted within the TCCP, in association with the European Commission, since 2003. It is hoped that the experience and methodologies of the TCCP will provide insight for future initiatives, capitalising on the opportunity to situate heritage in transversal projects that address major contemporary issues such as demographic change, migration, socio-economic crises and climate change.