读“四书”随笔

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By 傅士逵

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"四书学"是对《大学》《中庸》《论语》《孟子》进行阐释的学问。它奠基于宋代朱熹的《四书章句集注》,至明清时代,由于最高统治者倡导尊孔读经,将"四书学"列为科举考试的内容,故"四书学"成为社会显学。影响所及,穷乡僻壤也出现了许多汲汲于"四书学"的学者。河北灵寿人傅士逵即是这样一位学者。傅士逵,字鸿渐,乾隆乙酉科拔贡生,出身书香门第。其家族出了两位尚书——傅永淳和傅维鳞,他们为家族的发展奠定了坚实的文化基础。傅士逵赋资醇笃,庄重不佻,潜心理学,诸名儒著述靡不悉心玩索,有所得即随笔记录;并"于圣贤心法咸克钩元扼要而阐其精微,积久遂成《读书随笔》全策"。本书稿既是傅士逵研读"四书"的心得,也是他多年设馆教书的结晶,在当时即得到部分直隶学者的肯定和称赞。本书稿原为抄本,现将其标点校注后出版,使读者见证清代直隶地区"四书学"研究的"热潮"。

读“四书”随笔