Nineteen Eighty-Four, often published as 1984, is a dystopian novel set in Airstrip One, formerly Great Britain, a province of the superstate Oceania, whose residents are victims of perpetual war, omnipresent government surveillance and public manipulation. Oceania's political ideology, euphemistically named English Socialism (shortened to 'Ingsoc' in Newspeak) is enforced by the privileged, elite Inner Party. Via the Thought Police, the Inner Party persecutes individualism and independent thinking, which are regarded as thoughtcrimes.