For those interested in scientific and practical debate about social, environmental and sustainable accountability, the present volume provides such a discussion at the international level, considering the different typologies of companies.There is one common factor between the gas and oil sectors, waste management, and the economy of communion enterprises: they must all be legitimated in a sustainable modern world in order for us to find a new paradigm and give the world the best chance of survival. The contributors to this volume started to discuss these topics during the 7th Italian CSEAR conference held in Urbino, Italy, in 2018 and have continued the debate here, in order to answer necessary questions which will help prevent further environmental destruction.