Fighting the Opioid Epidemic: The Role of Providers and the Clinical Laboratory in Understanding Who Is Vulnerable covers the important aspects that are essential in fighting the opioid epidemic. This succinct reference highlights how the toxicology laboratory can play a vital role in fighting the opioid epidemic by implementing a robust system for drugs of abuse testing as well as drug testing in pain management patients. It targets health care professionals in a technical manner, discussing polymorphisms of important genes that may be associated with increased vulnerability of alcohol and drug addiction to an individual. - Covers all important aspects of opioid abuse, including genetic and environmental factors - Discusses pharmacology, toxicology and the pharmacogenomics related to opioid metabolism - Presents genetic and environmental factors associated with those vulnerable to opioid addiction, as well as the pitfalls of drug testing in pain management