Extended versions of selected papers submitted at the Iberian Conference on Fracture and Structural Integrity (CIFIE'2010) conference are included in this special issue of the International Journal of Structural Integrity. The conference brought together researchers and professionals, who during three days, shared their knowledge and experience in such fields as analytical and numerical methods; case studies of fracture, fatigue and durability; durability of structures; experimental techniques; fatigue of materials and structures; deformation and fracture of materials (metallic alloys, ceramics, composites, polymeric and bio) and interaction with the environment.