What do I do now? Pediatric patients with neurological symptoms or problems pose many clinical challenges and even experienced clinicians occasionally arrive at the point where diagnostic, work-up, treatment, or prognostic thinking becomes blocked. From time to time, children are brought into the pediatrician's office with puzzling neurological symptoms—breath holding spells, refusal to walk, infantile spasms, skin lesions, floppy or absent reflexes—that leave their doctors wondering "what do I do now?" Pediatric Neurology serves the need for a quick reference tool to address these perplexing pediatric neurological symptoms and disorders. Dr. Gregory L. Holmes, Department Chair and Professor of Pediatrics and Neurology at Dartmouth Medical School, presents 28 representative cases of both common and rare pediatric neurological problems and diseases including but not limited to: Dopamine Responsive Dystonia, Fragile X Syndrome, Hashimoto's Encephalopathy and Rett Syndrome. The bedside consultation presentation of the cases encourages the reader, whether she or he be a pediatrician, primary care practitioner or medical student, to formulate a differential diagnosis and treatment plan for a wide variety of pediatric neurological problems and diseases.