The key question regarding the strengths and weaknesses of China's capabilities for low carbon innovation to effect dramatic change; and in the context of the unprecedented time pressure of doing so within a single generation. Just as importantly, what can be done to expedite this change, capitalize upon existing strengths and transform or minimize weaknesses? This ebook begins to explore these crucial questions across a number of dimensions. It is not our intention to try to synthesize these findings here into what can only be a prematurely, and so falsely, coherent body of knowledge about low carbon innovation in China. But as the wide range of these papers, in both subject matters and disciplinary perspectives, illustrates, there is a need for concerted and (internationally) collaborative research and discussion of these issues to expedite and facilitate the kind of low carbon system transition that is needed in China and, perhaps following its example, across the world. It is hoped this ebook contributes to construction and expansion of this conversation.