Application of biotechnology in pulp and paper processing describes the techniqueslike enzymes engineering, molecular biology, proteomics, genetic engineering genomicsalong with metabolomics and bioinformatics. These biotechniques in 21st centuryhave helped in development of pulp and paper sector in terms of economic feasibilityand designing. As described, biotechnology is known for increasing cost efficiency,product quality and developing environment friendly processes. Further, readers havebeen provided with some extended topics like Biodegradation of Endocrine-Disruptingchemicals and residual organic pollutants of pulp and paper mill effluent by bio-stimulation.