This book draws attention to the reception of Oskar Kolberg's folklorist's work outside of Poland. It also presents the work of other scholars active in Eastern Europe from the nineteenth century to the present day, many of them poorly known, despite their lofty achievements. The contributions by authors from Lithuania, Belarus, Ukraine, Russia, Slovakia and Poland reflect on how Kolberg's work is being continued by scholars today and how the musical repertoire that he recorded is functioning. This book unites the results of the international conference «The Kolbergs of Eastern Europe», organised by the College of Eastern Europe and the Institute of Musicology of the University of Wrocław.