This book is the result of 40 years of the combined authors' experience in mechanical and fluid dynamics engineering. It gives an overview of product and process development from the analytical standpoint. This book has not been intended to revolutionize the casting industry. The principals of fluid dynamics and static mechanics were largely developed in the nineteenth century, but process development still largely remains a trial and error method. This book is intended to underline the principals of strength of materials and fluid dynamics that are the foundation of the casting product and process development. This book has been written as a resource and design tool for product and process engineers and designers who work with aluminium castings. It combines many aspects of product and process development, which include the basic principals of static mechanics and fluid dynamics as well as completely developed applications allowing solving problems at every stage of the development process. This book has five main parts: (1) overview of casting processes, (2) fluid dynamics, (3) strength of materials, (4) sand casting, permanent mould, and die casting process development, and (5) quality control.