A handbook that maps out specific areas of competencies covering eleven functional disciplines. It focuses on a range of competencies, including job specific or functional competencies, essential competencies, and common or generic competencies in each discipline. It signposts all competency development and training needs at the basic, intermediate, and advanced levels of knowledge, skills, and abilities. It frames skills and performance development as a collaborative effort of employees, supervisors, and trainers. It is written with a focus on achieving greater organizational impact and effectiveness, individual performance and efficiency, value adding and outcome-based learning.