Titanium and its alloys have been widely used as biomedical implant materials due to their low density, good mechanical properties, superior corrosion resistance and biocompatibility when compared with other metallic biomaterials such as Co–Cr alloys and stainless steels. Recently, β-type titanium alloys have been increasingly considered as excellent implant materials because of the remarkable combination of high strength-to-weight ratio, good fatigue resistance, relatively low Young's modulus, good biocompatibility and high corrosion resistance relative to conventional titanium biomaterials. This book covers recent information about biomedical titanium alloy development and 3D printing. Chapters describe the processing, microstructure, mechanical properties and corrosion properties in detail. Information about the surface modification of titanium alloys for biomedical applications, and manufacturing of titanium alloys by new technologies (such as selective laser melting and electron beam melting), is also presented. Readers will learn about the various types of biomedical titanium alloys, their advantages and disadvantages, their fabrication methods and medical applications.This book is a useful handbook for biomedical engineers, metallurgists and biotechnicians seeking information about titanium-based alloys for biomaterials research and development.