The 86-page study gives detailed data on how 249 university leaders perceive the effectiveness of their university student retention effort and specific data is presented for their views on certain key retention-oriented student services such as tutoring, academic advising, financial aid and student personal counseling, as well as retention training for faculty, efforts to foster student inclusion and much more. The study also includes the opinions of university leaders on how their universities foster retention of key student groups and demographics with specific data for their views of the retention effort for international students, and ethnic and racial minority students.