光阴荏苒，又是深秋，迎来收获的季节。我的《教育基本问题专论》即将脱稿，深感兴奋，这是我个人在教育理论研究方面的收获，但也如芒刺背。我虽已届不惑之年，但仍在许多教育问题上有诸多困惑，难以求解，难有作为；且研究水平和成绩难以自我陶醉，研究仍有许多不足与缺憾，遇到了提升的瓶颈。好在我一直尽力提高自身学术素养，对教育问题抱有浓厚的兴趣，也不断求索，这使我稍感宽慰。21世纪必定是教育的世纪。尤其当历史的车轮快速驶入新世纪后，我们更有各种理由可以确信，我们迎来了教育的春天、教育的世纪。因为，从来没有像今天这样，人及社会与教育的距离越来越近，关系越来越紧密，人与社会的发展越来越依赖于教育，越来越须臾离不开教育，教育成为人与社会发展绝对不可忽视的中坚力量。可以说，各国综合国力的竞争取决于教育发展水平和其对国家发展所作出的贡献；个人的发展也由教育所主导。要充分发挥教育的作用，必须以理论研究为先导。对教育问题的研究既是思想升华所需要，也是实践发展所驱动。我依照正视教育问题、研究教育问题、启发教育实践的想法，对教育的若干重点、热点问题予以比较深入的专题性的探索思考，概要阐述了一些基本认识。本书涉及的研究领域主要包括教育本质问题、课程问题、道德教育、教师教育、个性化教育、因材施教与差异教育等专题。可以说，这些研究领域既是本人的研究兴趣所在，也是当前教育研究的一些重要方向。关于教育本质问题，我尝试采用两种方法探索教育本质，一种是历史与逻辑统一的方法，另一种是抽象本质与具体本质统一的方法，这既可丰富教育本质的理论研究成果，又可引发对教育实践的思考。关于课程问题，主要围绕课程含义、课程系统、课程论、课程特征及国内外课程改革特点几个主要问题予以论述。关于道德教育问题，重点研究了青少年复杂的成长环境及其所带来的机遇与挑战，并着重对德育方法和德育过程中如何发挥教师与学生的双主体作用加以研究。关于教师教育问题，重点对现代教师教育基本问题予以阐述，从教师专业化、教师职业道德和现代素养、教师教育发展趋势、教师教育课程改革及教师管理、教师教学评价等多个视角分析了现代教师教育的基本问题。关于个性化教育问题，指出了我国教育释放学生个性不够，对学生尊重不足，需要重视个性化教育的问题，并重点探讨了个性化教育的内涵、特征和实施思路等问题。关于因材施教与差异教育问题，重点研究了一般意义上的因材施教思想发展情况及其含义，并探讨了特殊的因材施教，即针对一些特殊儿童群体及儿童的各类差异所开展的有关教育,包括"后进生"教育、智力差异与非智力差异教育、性别差异教育和独生子女教育。同时，附录部分还探讨了在当今教育发展中其他需要关注的教育热点问题，包括终身教育、家庭教育、学前教育、教育先行和教育与消费等问题。本书既是对我近些年有关教育基本问题思考的梳理提炼，也是一种自我检视和反教育基本问题专论思。本书注重对教育基本问题深入探索，期望既能丰富教育基本理论研究成果，启发研究者更进一步的深入研究和思考，又能对教育实践具有一定指导价值，推进教育改革和发展。但由于著者的能力和水平所限，本书设想定有未实现之处，存在局限和不足，恳请读者不吝批评和赐教。(With time slipping away, it's late autumn again, a season of harvest.I'm excited to see that my work On Essential Issues of Education will soon be completed. It's my personal accomplishment in research on educational theories, which makes me proud as well as restless.I'm in my 40s-the age of no doubts for Confucius-but I am still perplexed by educational issues that I can neither solve nor make any achievements. Besides, I run into the bottleneck of improvement and can hardly feed satisfied with present research level and results, in which there are many deficiencies and regrets.Fortunately I'm slightly comforted by my continuous efforts to improve academic quality, my keen interest in educational issues and my constant quest.The 21st century must be a century of education.Especially when the wheels of history enter a new century, we are convinced by various reasons that we have ushered in the prime time of education, and it's the century of education.Because there hasn't been a time like today when people, society and education are getting closer and closer, when the development of people and society depend more on education, and when education has become the backbone force of the development of people and society that can't be neglected.The competition of overall national strength among countries is dependent on the level of educational development and its contribution to national development, so to speak; and education is dominant in personal development, as well.Theoretical research must be the guide in order to make full use of education.Research on educational issues is not only required by mind sublimation but also driven by the development of practice.According to the thought that we need to face and study educational problems and inspire educational practices, I briefly explained some fundamental knowledge, and explored and thought deeply and thematically over several focuses and hot topics.The research fields covered in the book include specific topics like the nature of education, curriculum, moral education, teachers' education, individualized education, teaching students in accordance with their aptitude and differentiated education, etc.They are not only the fields where my interest lies, but also important directions of current study on education.On the nature of education, I tried to use two approaches to explore the nature of education: one is history in combination of...