An objective account of a major Oxfam initiative: the Wajir Pastoral Development Project in north-east Kenya, with its distinctive emphasis on community participation. It explains how marginalized groups are developing their own pastoral associations to represent their interests, and Oxfam's role in facilitating that process. It describes an integrated approach to pastoral development: supporting the livelihoods of livestock keepers and those who have lost their animals; devising strategies to address drought and conflict as part of a longer-term agenda for sustainable development; and working to influence key decisions made by high-level policy-makers.