This ebook of the International Journal of Mentoring and Coaching in Education focuses on the mentoring of student and new teachers from kindergarten to grade 12 schools and the role mentoring plays in the professional learning of both mentees and mentors. Research participants, in the studies discussed in the six papers, include student teachers (teacher candidates), newly qualified teachers (NQTs), school-based and external teacher mentors and university tutors (supervisors). The aims of the ebook are to examine different perspectives on mentoring of student and new teachers; to investigate some of the processes involved in this mentoring; to understand the types of relationships that are created in different contexts; to explore new ways of addressing challenges presented in mentoring relationships; and to better understand the professional learning that takes place in successful mentoring relationships. While mentee professional learning, such as critical thinking skills and reflective practice, is of particular interest, mentors' professional learning is also investigated.