At one time, Lebanon was considered the most cosmopolitan country in the Middle East. That changed with a devastating 15-year-long civil war that began in the mid-1970s, followed by another 15 years of Syrian domination. As Lebanon attempts to rebuild, it faces many problems. The terrorist organization Hezbollah operates freely in southern Lebanon, and its leaders have been elected to important positions in the state's government. In addition, more than 400,000 Palestinians live as refugees in the country. Periodic attacks on Israel from within Lebanon have led to deadly retaliation. This book examines the economic and political issues facing Lebanon today. It provides up-to-date information about the country's geography and climate, history, society, important cities and communities, and relations with other countries.