福楼拜(1821—1880)，法国19世纪现实主义文学大师，《包法利夫人》是其成名作和代表作。本书女主人公爱玛是外省一个富裕农民的女儿，在修道院度过了青年时代，她学习贵族女子的谈吐仪态， 饱读浪漫派作品。后来破产的父亲把她嫁给了平庸、迟钝的乡镇医生包法利，这使迷恋浪漫生活的爱玛不安于室，于是先后成为了地主罗多尔夫与书记员莱昂的情妇。为了取悦莱昂，维持奢华的生活，她挥霍了丈夫的财产，还借了高利贷。后来莱昂对她生厌，债主向她逼债，她走投路，服砒霜自杀。 （Gustave Flaubert (1821-1880) is French realistic literary master in 19th century and he is known especially for his masterwork Madame Bovary. This novel's heroine Emma, a daughter of a rich peasant in another province, spends her youth age in a convent, where she learnt female noble's style of conversation and read a lot of romantic works. Later, his bankrupt father asks her to marry the plodding and clumsy township doctor Bovary. However, as Emma prefers romantic life to dull and listless one, she has an affair with landowner Rodolphe and clerk Léon successively. To make Léon happy and keep their luxury life, she squanders her husband's assets and takes usury. Later, she grows bored with Léon. However, as creditors press for payment of debts, she swallows arsenic and dies in despair. ）