This Worldwide Equipment Guide (WEG) describes the spectrum of worldwide systems and system trends in the Contemporary Operational Environment (COE), serving as an authoritative "encyclopedia" of weapons around the world. This is the newest edition revised in 2011. This handbook is one of a series that describes a contemporary Opposing Force (OPFOR) for training U.S. Military commanders, staffs, and units. Together, these handbooks outline an OPFOR than can cover the entire spectrum of military and paramilitary capabilities against which the U.S. Military must train to ensure success in any future conflict.Part Eight includes the section of Volume One covering logistics, obscurants and flame, improvised military systems, equipment upgrades, countermeasures, emerging technology trends.CHAPTER 12 - LOGISTICS * Transportation * GAZ-66 2 mt Cargo Truck * Ural-375D 4.5 mt Cargo Truck * KRAZ-255B 7.5 mt Cargo Truck. * Maintenance * BREM-1 Armored Recovery Vehicle * T-54-T Armored Recovery Vehicle * CHAPTER 13 - OBSCURANTS AND FLAME * Obscurant Capabilities * Table: Electro-optical and Other Systems Defeated by Obscurants * Delivery Systems * Table: Smoke Pots and Barrels * Artillery, Aircraft, and Smoke Generators * AF-79 Smoke Generator Vehicle * Flame Weapon Capabilities * RPO-A Series and Shmel-M Flame Weapon * TOS-1 220-mm Flamethrower Weapon * CHAPTER 14 - IMPROVISED MILITARY SYSTEMS * Improvised Explosive Devices * Improvised Military Obstacles * Table: Improvised Technologies and Military Applications for Use by OPFOR * Improvised Rocket Launchers * Donkey Cart Multiple Rocket Launcher * "C5K" 57-mm Rocket Launcher * Use of Toxic Industrial Chemicals * CHAPTER 15 - EQUIPMENT UPGRADES * Equipment Upgrade Tables * CHAPTER 16 - COUNTERMEASURES * Countermeasure Capabilities * Table: Lethality Component vs Countermeasure Responses * Table: Countermeasures Against Sensors * Table: Countermeasures Against Weapons and Weapon Sensors * Table: Countermeasures by Functional Area and Type System * CHAPTER 17 - EMERGING TECHNOLOGY TRENDS * Technologies and Emerging Environments * Table: Technologies and Applications * OPFOR Capabilities Near and Mid-Term * Military Technology Trends 2021 * GLOSSARY