Twelve NASA research papers provide unique and up-to-date information about space medicine issues that face astronauts on long-duration missions.Part 1: Performance Data Report - Space Medicine Division Human Research ProgramPart 2: Perspectives on Asthenia in Astronauts and Cosmonauts: Review of the International Research LiteraturePart 3: Probability of Causation for Space Radiation Carcinogenesis following International Space Station, Near Earth Asteroid, and Mars MissionsPart 4: Evaluating Shielding Approaches to Reduce Space Radiation Cancer RisksPart 5: Anaphylaxis, Intra-abdominal Infections, Skin Lacerations, and Behavioral Emergencies: A Literature Review of Austere Analogs for a Near Earth Asteroid MissionPart 6: Telemedicine Workshop Summary ReportPart 7: Countermeasures to Mitigate the Negative Impact of Sensory Deprivation and Social Isolation in Long-Duration Space FlightPart 8: Dental Working Group Meeting Summary ReportPart 9: Review of Spaceflight Dental EmergenciesPart 10: Disinfection of Medical Equipment for Exploration Missions: An Assessment of Necessity and ModalitiesPart 11: Impact of Medical Training Level on Medical Autonomy for Long-Duration Space FlightPart 12: Chronic Exposure to Moderately Elevated CO2 during Long-Duration Space Flight