The field of sociology and gender studies as we know it today may be traced to at least one watershed study. In “The Kinsey Report,” Karin Carter-Smith revisits Alfred C. Kinsey’s controversial and groundbreaking research that challenged medical and social beliefs about sexual identity and radicalized the modern understanding of homosexuality. The issue of gender definition is also explored in regard to “socialization.” Ruth A. Wienclaw analyzes how both biology and cultural roles determine everyday conceptions of gender identity, while Noelle Vance explains how language serves as a means toward the social imprint upon gender. In her essay “Gender Roles,” Wienclaw notes that as “society changes, its gender roles also often change to meet the needs of the society.” The function of socialization is further explored by Jennifer Kretchmar, who explains that “gender scholars attempt to challenge our ‘taken-for-granted’ assumptions about men and women, point out the ways in which our behavior is culturally rather than biologically produced, and encourage us to imagine different ways of being male and female.” In a group of essays on family and identity, Simone I. Flynn and Wienclaw provide a helpful account of the different family and domestic arrangements that establish male and female identities, roles, and responsibilities.