The collection opens with a review of Benjamin Bloom’s Taxonomy of Educational Objectives, which are divided into three types of learning domains – cognitive, affective, and psychomotor. Though each category is different, they all share six main learning objectives: knowledge, comprehension, application, analysis, synthesis, and evaluation. In the following essay, Holly Conti introduces Howard Gardner’s theory of multiple intelligence and its aim in allowing students to utilize their personal learning preferences in order to maximize their strengths and improve upon their weaknesses. Maureen McMahon transitions into Johann Herbart’s theory of apperception and the scientific approach to pedagogy that incorporates the ideas of individualism and humanism. There are 2 popular theories often in conflict with each other: Seymour Papert’s constructionism and Piaget’s constructivism. As Jennifer Kretchmar illustrates, Piaget’s learning theory differentiates from constuctionism because it emphasizes social interaction and the concrete over the individual learning experience and abstract concepts. While Tricia Smith analyzes the impact of existential thought on educational applications, Kretchmar outlines the development of postmodernism, specifically “its impact on education, in terms of student-teacher relationships, research, and curriculum development.”