The goal of this e-book is to report on the knowledge management activities taking place within the space industry. This special issue provides a valuable insight into selecting and implementing KM strategies for an organization. A general theme drawn from the papers is that KM needs to be tied to the core issues and business drivers for that company or field. It is a common mistake for organizations to assume that KM solutions are “one-size-fits-all”; however, evidence from the space agency case studies suggests that each solution needs to tailored for each organization. The papers chosen for this special issue cover three main themes: cultural and organizational aspects of KM in the space industry, evolution of knowledge from long-duration space missions, and implementing lesson learned for space projects.