Fostering high growth enterprises is key to employment creation, productivity, and economic growth. This report assesses the current policy context for young enterprises in the Middle East and North Africa Region and outlines policy tools and instruments, both indirect and direct, that governments can implement to support new enterprise development. The book provides a balanced review of the arguments for and against an active government policy to support high-growth enterprises while recognizing that the implementation of policies to support these enterprises depends on the specific circumstances and capacities of individual governments.