This book offers new empirical insights into second language acquisition and multilingual education. Drawing on diverse theoretical frameworks, it explores the intersections of multilingualism and language pedagogy across varied global contexts. Organised into three thematic sections, the volume brings together thirteen studies first presented at the 2024 annual Advances in Second and Foreign Language Acquisition conference at the University of Nicosia. It spans topics such as Teaching Greek to Speakers of Other Languages, intercultural communicative competence, task-based instruction, and the cognitive dimensions of language learning. Contributions are grounded in sociocultural theory, complex dynamic systems theory, and intercultural communicative competence, highlighting issues of integration, learner identity and linguistic diversity. Bridging both regional and international contexts, this book is a valuable resource for researchers, educators, and policymakers engaging with contemporary challenges facing second and foreign language education.