Focusing on Habitable Earth for sustainability, this book develops novel and sophisticated deep learning algorithms and explores their successful application in intelligent prediction and recognition of coseismic landslides. These algorithms have originality and unique advantages in relatively high accuracy, low false alarms, strong generalization, and good interpretability. They were successfully applied in a series of violent earthquakes occurring worldwide from 2008 to 2022. This book provides significant techniques to support the 72-hour “golden window” for survivors in emergency rescue and to instruct postseismic rational reconstruction and development in society and economy. With cutting-edge algorithms and international urgent disaster-mitigating demands, this book caters to geoscientists, environmentalists, engineering geologists, and hazard geologists. It also appeals graduate students in the above fields.