The Journal of James Yonge [1647–1721]: Plymouth Surgeon is a remarkable firsthand account of a 17th-century English surgeon whose life spanned a period of war, maritime adventure, and medical practice in a bustling naval port. James Yonge, a surgeon of both skill and ambition, recorded his experiences over decades, providing a rare and vivid portrait of medicine, seafaring, and society during the Restoration and early 18th century. His journal moves fluidly between professional observations, personal reflections, and detailed accounts of the political and military events that shaped his era. Yonge's career took him to sea with the Royal Navy, where he tended to sailors injured in battle, navigated the challenges of shipboard life, and confronted diseases with the limited medical knowledge of his time. On shore in Plymouth, he operated a thriving practice while engaging in civic affairs, offering a window into the interconnected worlds of medicine, commerce, and local governance. The journal also reveals Yonge's wit, moral convictions, and the human side of a man balancing personal ambition with service to others. Meticulously edited and annotated, this edition contextualizes Yonge's life within the broader developments of naval warfare, maritime trade, and the evolving field of surgery. The result is not only a valuable historical document but an absorbing human story, bridging the gap between medical history and maritime heritage with authenticity and insight.