Recent efforts in bioprospection have uncovered new Actinobacteria bioactivities ranging from antibiotics, fungicides, insecticides, and herbicides, and have renewed interest in the development of Actinobacteria-based inoculants, mainly composed of microbial cells and cell-free microbial cultured extracts. In this chapter the authors review the surge in Actinobacteria research and multi-omics resources available, compile case studies of Actinobacteria MBCAs that depict new bioactivities in crop protection, and identify challenges in bioproduction and resistance durability that directly affect commercialisation and deployment of Actinobacteria-derived products. Finally, they discuss emerging fields and future approaches in the research and development of Actinobacteria MBCAs.