Humans, like every other species, vary in almost every characteristic. Some differences, like skin color, are visible, while others, like susceptibility to certain diseases or differential sensitivity to toxins, are not. Varied motivations and talents are only revealed through behavior. Self-identified black and white subpopulations in America have different biological and cultural origins, which means they have different repertoires of talents and interests. The black population was initially less well adapted to Western civilization than the white. The result was racial discrimination. Efforts to combat racism have been largely successful, but the subject's sensitivity has inhibited critical inquiry into individual and group differences and allowed empirically and logically false conclusions to proliferate. This book is an attempt to look at human difference from an even-handed evolutionary point of view. We should recognize behavioral variation, make a place for everyone, and, above all, celebrate excellence.