The Roman Catacombs are an extensive network of underground burial sites outside the ancient city of Rome, used primarily by early Christians and Jews from the 2nd to the 5th century AD. They are among the most fascinating archaeological and historical sites in Italy.

Key Facts About the Roman Catacombs

Origins: Built between the 2nd and 5th centuries AD when Christians were often persecuted and needed hidden burial places.
Location: Spread throughout Rome, mainly along major roads like the Appian Way.
Structure: A vast underground labyrinth of tunnels and chambers, sometimes extending several levels deep.
Purpose: Served as burial sites and places for worship, with some catacombs containing chapels.
Symbolism: Rich in Christian art, including frescoes, inscriptions, and symbols like the fish (Ichthys), the Good Shepherd, and doves.
Not Just for Christians: Some catacombs, such as the Catacomb of Vigna Randanini, were used by Jewish communities.
Rediscovery: Many were forgotten for centuries and rediscovered in the 16th and 17th centuries.

Famous Roman Catacombs

Catacombs of St. Callixtus: One of the largest and most important, containing the tombs of several popes.
Catacombs of St. Sebastian: Named after the Christian martyr buried there.
Catacombs of Domitilla: The oldest and only one still containing bones.
Catacombs of Priscilla: Known for some of the earliest Christian art.

Myths & Legends

Hiding from Persecution? While it's commonly believed that early Christians used catacombs to hide from Roman persecution, there's little evidence to support this. They were primarily burial sites rather than secret refuges.
Haunted Reputation: Their dark, eerie atmosphere has led to ghost stories and legends over the centuries.