Big Ben is one of the most iconic symbols of London and the United Kingdom. Its history is rich and intertwined with Britain's political and architectural heritage. Here's a concise overview:

What is Big Ben?

Contrary to popular belief, Big Ben is not the name of the clock tower itself but the nickname for the Great Bell inside the tower at the Palace of Westminster. The tower was renamed the Elizabeth Tower in 2012 to mark Queen Elizabeth II's Diamond Jubilee.

Construction and Design

1834: A fire destroyed much of the old Palace of Westminster.
1844: Plans were made for a new clock tower as part of the new Houses of Parliament.
1846: The design of the clock and tower was approved. Architect Charles Barry led the rebuilding, with Augustus Pugin designing the Gothic Revival-style tower.
1856: The first bell was cast but cracked during testing.
1858: A second and larger bell (13.5 tons) was cast and installed. This bell became Big Ben.
1859: Big Ben first chimed in July.

Notable Features

Height: 316 feet (96 meters).
Clock faces: 4, each 23 feet (7 meters) in diameter.
Accuracy: The clock mechanism was designed by Edmund Beckett Denison and Edward John Dent, and it's remarkably accurate thanks to a gravity escapement.

Historic Moments

WWII: Despite heavy bombing during the Blitz, the tower and clock remained largely intact and continued functioning—a symbol of British resilience.
1976: The clock mechanism suffered a major breakdown and required extensive repairs.
2017–2021: Major renovation work was done on the tower and clock mechanism, during which the chimes were paused except for special occasions.

Origin of the Name "Big Ben"

The origin is debated:

Possibly named after Sir Benjamin Hall, the Commissioner of Works.
Another theory ties it to Ben Caunt, a popular heavyweight boxer of the time.