Psychological trauma refers to the emotional, mental, and psychological injury that results from an overwhelming or distressing event. Unlike physical trauma, which can often be seen and treated directly, psychological trauma is more subtle, affecting the mind and emotions in profound ways. It can arise from various experiences, such as accidents, violence, abuse, loss, or even long-term stressors. The effects of trauma are far-reaching and can impact an individual's life for many years, manifesting in different forms depending on the person's resilience, support system, and coping mechanisms.

At its core, trauma can alter an individual's perception of the world, themselves, and their relationships. It often creates a sense of helplessness, loss of control, and an inability to feel safe or secure. The distress from trauma can be so severe that it leads to lasting mental health issues such as anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and other emotional disorders. Understanding the nature of psychological trauma involves recognizing how these experiences affect the brain and the body. Trauma is not merely an emotional reaction; it is a complex response involving neurological, biological, and psychological processes. The brain's response to trauma can involve changes in brain structures and functions, particularly in areas like the amygdala (responsible for processing emotions) and the hippocampus (which processes memories). These changes can result in heightened fear responses, emotional instability, and difficulty processing memories related to the traumatic event.

Furthermore, trauma is often misunderstood or underestimated due to the invisible nature of its impact. While a broken bone is easily visible and can be treated, the effects of trauma are not always immediately apparent.