The excavations published in this volume are the first systematic investigation of Ottoman remains in the lower town of Jaffa and the only such volume in Israel dedicated largely to a final excavation report of Ottoman period remains. This is profound, because cultural heritage remains from after 1799 CE have not been previously identified in legal terms as antiquities in the manner in which earlier remains are treated as archaeological. Salvage archaeological work, particularly in an urban environment, still faces many limitations. These excavations, in the former Israeli police compound of Jaffa, complete the archaeological investigation of the northern part of Jaffa's lower town. In addition to the stratigraphy (chs. 2-3), the volume presents ceramic finds of the Hellenistic, Roman and Byzantine periods (ch. 4-6), Crusader pottery (ch. 7), porcelain and ceramic vessels of the Ottoman period (ch. 8), coins (ch. 17) and small finds of other materials (ch. 18-25), as well as weapons (chs. 14-16).